The diversity and spatial distributions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Caragana korshinskii were investigated in four natural environments of the Loess Plateau, such as Ansai, Suide, Hengshan and Yulin of Shaanxi province. There are 4 genera and 11 species of AM fungi were isolated from the soil samples under the Caragana korshinskii, 3 species of them belong to Acaulospora, 1 species belong to Gigasporn, 5 species belong to Glomus and 2 species belong to Scutellospora. The result showed that the G.constrictum and G.mosseae are dominant species; the different species of AM fungi appeared in the different ecological environments, such as A.spinosa and S.calospora only occur in Suide site，A.lacunosa only occurs in Hengshan site，Gi.decipiens and S.erythropa only occur in Ansai site. Different sample sites had significantly affected on spore density and the percentage of colonization of vesicle and arbuscular of AM fungi. The highest value of spore density and vesicular colonization was in Suide, and the highest arbuscular colonization was in Yulin. Soil depth had a significant effect on spore density in four sites, the highest spore density existed in the 10～20cm soil layer; the highest percentage of colonization of AM fungi occurred at the 0～10cm or 20～30cm soil layer. Spore density was positively correlated with vesicular colonization and negatively correlated with arbuscular colonization. Spore density was also negatively correlated with soil organic matter, available P, available K and Cl- content. Vesicular colonization had a positive correlation with soil pH and a negative correlation with soil moisture, available K and Cl- content.