基因型和环境对小麦主要品质性状参数的影响
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Q143

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Effects of genotype and environment on wheat main quality characteristics
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    摘要:

    利用8个冬小麦品种(系)于2002年种植在8个不同地点的试验结果, 分析了品种(系)、环境以及品种(系)与环境的互作对谷蛋白大聚合体(GMP)及其组成、面团揉混仪参数及烘烤品质等主要品质性状的影响。结果表明,基因型对GMP、高、低分子量谷蛋白亚基有显著影响,说明GMP及其组成主要受基因型控制;沉淀值、峰值时间(MPT)、8min带宽(8TW)受环境影响程度比基因型小;而品种、环境及其互作对面包体积都有显著影响。小麦品质性状间的相关系数受环境条件的影响,不同地点品质性状间的相关系数不同。品种(系)和地点的互作效应在同一品种不同地点间是不同的,即使在不利的环境下,也有表现好的品种(系)。综合考虑对烘烤品质的影响,烟台点和济麦20表现最好。因此,进行品质评价时,不同地点间不仅考虑蛋白质含量的变化,还要考虑蛋白质质量、GMP及其组成、沉淀值、中线峰值时间以及8min带宽的变化规律。

    Abstract:

    The effects of wheat cultivars, environments and their interactions on wheat quality characteristics such as GMP (Glutenin Macro-Polymer), high and low molecular weight of glutenin subunits (HMW-GS and LMW-GS), dough Mixograph and baking quality were analyzed by using 8 varieties, which were grown at eight different locations with 3 replications in 2002. The results indicated that the genotype had significant influence on GMP and GMP components. While the effects of environment on sedimentation volume value, Mid-Peak time and 8 time width appeared smaller than that of genotype, but the interactions between varieties and environments showed significant effect on bread volume besides genotype and environment, respectively. Through analyzing the correlations of quality characteristics, their coefficients not only were affected by environments but also appeared different from each other in different locations. Moreover, the interactions between genotype and environment for the same cultivars appeared different in different locations. Even if grown at adverse locations, some cultivars performed well. Generally thinking about the effects on baking quality, Jimai 20 appeared better than others, and so did Yantai environment. Therefore, GMP components, sedimentation volume value, Mid peak time and 8 time width should be considered besides protein content when evaluating the wheat quality.

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邓志英,田纪春,胡瑞波,周晓芳,张永祥.基因型和环境对小麦主要品质性状参数的影响.生态学报,2006,26(8):2757~2763

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