Elaeagnus mollis is an endemic tree species in China and is ranked the second-class for protection of rare and endangered plants. It grows in a form of large shrub or dwarf tree and its distribution in China is restricted in Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, and mostly in the south of Luuliang Mountains and west of Zhongtiao Mountains of Shanxi. Community of E. mollis is one of the typical vegetation types in the hills and lower-mountains of southern Shanxi.Interspecific relationship is an important factor affecting community composition, structure, function and dynamics. In order to understand the role of interspecific segregation in E. mollis communities, we investigated 31 quadrats of E. mollis communities in field, and drew a distribution map for all shrubs whose basal diameter is greater than 1cm. The nearest neighbors of each individual were obtained by using the nearest neighbor’s method. The interspecific segregation was studied with an N×N nearest-neighbor contingency table and a 2×2 nearest-neighbor contingency sub-table. The result of interspecific segregation indicated that most of the species-pairs are randomly segregated (80.94%), some species-pairs are positively segregated (18.78%), and only a few species-pairs are negatively segregated (0.28%). Negative segregation may occur between a few dwarf shrubs that have similar habitat requirements，which are mostly companion species in communities. Intensive interspecific competition may result in random or uniform distribution，therefore, such species-pairs are apt to be negatively segregated. Large individuals that are dominant or constructive species in communities tend to be positively segregated with other large arbors, due to their strong capacity in adaptation and competition. The constellation diagrams showed clearly the difference of interspecific segregation among the various species.In addition, we introduced a new concept——the overall segregation. The overall segregated pattern in all species in the communities was studied by χ2 test based on the N×N nearest-neighbor contingency table. The result showed that 38 species in study overlap in distribution and are characterized by overall non-segregation.