In the farming-pastoral zone of the Songnen plain, grazing system was composed of grassland, plantation and farmland. Graminaceous plants with 6%～7% crude protein were the main component of forage. Grassland as the traditional grazing pasture had been heavily exploited, resulting in severe degradation, desertification and alkali-salinization. Grassland yield had been decreased, and the forage resources provided by grassland was only 16.6% of the total real needs of forage resources. The total grazing resources provided by grassland, plantation and farmland was only 47.3% of total forage resources of real needs, so that they could not satisfied the needs of development of pastoral industry in the area. For the total available forage resources, crop stalk was accounting for 78.3% total available forage resources and 2.4 times of the real needs of total forage resources. Although the yield of crop stalk was large, its crude protein content was about 2%～6% and was constraint to feed livestock directly. Studies showed that crop stalk as unconventional forage, could be good forage by fermentation-treated, ammonification-treated, and salt-treated. However, at present, pastoral industry was still mainly depended on grazing resources in the farming-pastoral zone of the Songnen Plain. In fact, livestock was additional feed by crude or shivered crop stalk when forage resources was serious shortage. Totally, the major problems for industry development were shortage of forage resources, especially for good-quality forage resources, and irrational utility of forage resources. Accordingly, in order to the sustainable development of pastoral industry and the sustainability of ecology, economy and society, it is encouraged for people to rationally exploit all kinds of available forage resources, especially crop stalk, and to establish high-production artificial grassland and produce the good-quality forage. These would decrease the pressure of natural grazing space and make the probability of protection or improvement of the degraded grassland ecosystem. Finally, to establish house-herding husbandry based on varieties of forage resources, such as artificial grassland, natural pasture and crop stalk, will be the development objective of pastoral industry in the farming-pastoral zone of the Songnen Plain.