As a result of increasing anthropogenic nitrogen deposition, N availability in many forest ecosystems, which are normally N-limited, has been enhanced. Increased N availability may impact the ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) that are generally regarded as an adaptation to nutrient limited conditions. Based on available scientific knowledge the effects of nitrogen deposition on ectomycorrhizal fungi, including the formation of EMF, the change of extraradical mycelium and mycorrhizal, the productivity of the fruit...