Differences in ground vegetation and soil characteristics were studied in 23 adjacent birch and spruce stands in southernmost Sweden.There were almost no differences between the frequencies of Deschampsia flexuosa L.and mosses,but the frequencies of Vaccinium myrtillus L.and Vaccinium vitis idaea L.were significantly higher in birch than in spruce quadrats.Each soil layer (humus,0～10 cm and 11～30 cm)in spruce quadrats indicated slightly higher acidity than in the birch quadrats.Only was the con...