Forest fragmentation causes large changes of the physical environment as well as biotic changes in forest edges.As a result,environmental factors such as fluxes of radiation,air temperature,air moisture,soil moisture and wind,vary between the edge and interior in some forest fragments.These in turn can have important influences on the biota at or near the edge.Some research results show significant gradient trends from the edge to the core of fragmentation,while others do not. The orientation,physiongnomy a...