国家公园生态产品价值的转化体系
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同济大学

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基金项目:

生态环境部对外合作交流中心GEF项目(FECOLY2S23180),国家自然科学基金项目(32071835)


Transformation System of Ecological System Service Value in Chinese National Parks
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Research center of Protected area and National park,Tongji University

Fund Project:

Ministry of Ecology and Environmen Foreign Environment Cooperation Center GEF(FECOLY2S23180), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program32071835)

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    摘要:

    生态产品价值实现机制是以生态保护促进绿色发展的重要机制,社会生态需求无限性和多层级性同国家公园生态供给有限性之间的矛盾需要通过市场化机制的建立实现平衡,生态韧性与交换价值理论是国家公园生态产品价值实现的理论基础。从社会生态需求角度建立国家公园生态服务产品分类体系,为国家公园生态服务产品供需平衡的精准调控奠定了基础,以供定需,以需引供。特质性、时代性、公益性、可持续性是国家公园生态产品价值转化的基本原则,国家公园生态产品价值转化具有时间、空间、类型、层级等4个维度的特征,3类5级是其基本转化体系,随时空变化、资本投入不同而不同,物质类、精神类、知识类产品是体现国家公园特质的3类生态服务产品,公共性、准公共性与经营性是国家公园生态服务产品的3个基本属性,空间梯度与转化效率是生态产品价值实现程度和质量的重要评价指标,也是国家公园管控分区和功能分区合理性及其管理绩效评价的重要依据。

    Abstract:

    The value realization mechanism of ecological products is an important mechanism for ecological protection to promote green development.The contradiction between the unlimited and multi-level social ecological demand and the limited ecological supply of national parks needs to be balanced through the establishment of market mechanism. The theory of value exchange and ecological resilience is the theoretical basis for realizing the ecological service value of national parks. The classification system of ecological service products of national park was established from the perspective of social ecological demand, which laid the foundation for the refined balance of supply and demand of national park ecological service products, so as to supply according to demand and guide supply according to demand. Characteristics, times, public welfare and sustainability are the basic principles for the value transformation of ecological products of national parks. The value transformation of ecological products of national parks is characterized by four dimensions, namely time, space, type and level. The basic transformation system consists of five levels and three categories, which vary from time to time and with different capital input. Material, spiritual and knowledge products are three types of ecological service products that reflect the characteristics of national parks. Public, quasi-public and operational are the three basic attributes of ecological service products of national parks. Spatial gradient and transformation efficiency are important evaluation indicators of the realization degree and quality of the value of ecological products. It is also an important basis for the rationality of national park control zoning and functional zoning and its management performance evaluation.

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