Marine protected areas are important measures for marine ecosystem management, and scientific and effective spatial planning of marine protected areas can enhance the protection of marine biodiversity and ecosystem health. The study aims to explore the application prospect of Object-oriented simulator of marine ecosystem exploitation (OSMOSE) in the spatial planning of marine protected areas, through analysis of the model principle, key processes and research progress, as well as combining the model features and its functional implementation, it focuses on analyzing the various aspects that the model can play in the spatial planning of marine protected areas. By comparing the OSMOSE model with existing spatial planning methods for marine protected areas and combining it with actual cases, this study explores the similarities and differences between the OSMOSE and various existing spatial planning techniques for marine protected areas, as well as the potential for integration. The results show that OSMOSE shows significant advantages in simulating the dynamics of marine ecosystems and predicting the effects of management strategies, and the accurate simulation of multi-species interactions and spatial and temporal distributions, which can provide data and decision-making basis for the spatial planning of marine protected areas. The reasonable application of OSMOSE can not only provide a new perspective for the construction of marine protected areas in China, but also help to enhance the rationality of spatial planning and the effectiveness of management measures for marine protected areas, which has an important role and application prospect for promoting the protection of marine ecology in China.