Big data construction for eco-environment has become a creative approach in environmental management, and it is also the basic requirement for building the "data power" in China. Aiming to explore the general situation of big data construction for eco-environment by environmental agencies, this study conducted literature analyses and website interviews of environmental agencies in 31 provinces, 27 provincial capital cities, and 6 big data construction pilot cities in 2018. The results showed that although considerable progress had been made in data resource integration, there were still many problems with regional development, institution building, data sharing, and big data applications. Therefore, we proposed the following four suggestions:(1) expanding the relevant functions of environmental information center; (2) accelerating the progress of integration and sharing for big data; (3) strengthening international exchanges; (4) promoting the applications of big data in key areas.