To understand the effect of land use/cover-landscape on water quality, this study selected the Xinjiang Ebinur Lake region as the study area. We took 25 water sampling points to build five buffer zones, and combined land use/cover types with water-quality monitoring data, selected land-use types, and landscape index (landscape level) to monitor water quality. We tried to study the effects of a wide range of buffer land use/cover-landscape patterns on water quality indexes using the redundancy analysis method. Subsequently, we analyzed the specific location of the water-quality variables along the landscape gradient using the change-point analysis method. The results indicated:(1) the landscape pattern has different effects on the river-water quality indexes in different buffer zones. A 4 km buffer of land use/cover landscape pattern seems to be a threshold for differentiating the regional water quality. (2) The major environmental variables affecting the water quality of the lake area are the patch density, the patch density, and the degree of aggregation in a buffer of 4 km. (3) When the edge density (ED), of cultivation was 90-105 m/hm², and the aggregation of forest and grassland index of water was 70%-90%, and the water quality in this region appeared to be better protected. This study performed the quantitative analysis of the land use/landscape pattern changes from multiple perspectives in the Ebinur Lake area, revealing the main regularities of the landscape ecology variation in the region. This study provides the theoretical basis for the optimization of regional landscape pattern and reasonable land planning. It improves the "Silk Road Economic-One Belt and One Road" initiative of the ecological environment and sustainable utilization of resources in the Ebinur Lake area in Xinjiang.