Land use change conditions were analyzed using the data for land use change in Dezhou City from 2006 to 2014 and land use dynamics indicators. The ecosystem service values per unit area of different terrestrial ecosystems in China were used as a basis to analyze the spatial and temporal variations in the ecosystem service values for Dezhou from 2006 to 2014, after applying a correcting coefficient to the level of economic development. The results indicated that the overall ecosystem service value in Dezhou City decreased by 3.78% from 46.092 billion Yuan in 2006 to 44.347 billion Yuan in 2014. The decrease in forest land and the water covered area were the main reasons for the decrease in ecosystem service value. The spatial differences in ecosystem service values for Dezhou City were significant. The ecosystem service value for Qihe County was the highest because of the wide distribution of forest and water covered areas, which have high ecosystem service values. The ecosystem service value reduction in Decheng District was the greatest. This was mainly due to land use change caused by socioeconomic development. With the same trend of the total ecosystem service value change, the single ecosystem service value showed a declining trend in Dezhou City during the study period. Therefore, the influence of land use change on ecosystem service value is an important factor that needs to be considered in the new round of general land use planning. Furthermore, optimizing and adjusting the land use structure and increasing the ecological land area also need to be considered when attempting to improve the regional ecosystem service value.