In this study, remote sensing (RS) images, land-use data, and forest resource inventory data were used to build a quantitative estimation model of forest volume via the stepwise regression method. The carbon storage and carbon density of forest vegetation in Fuzhou from 2000 to 2010 were analyzed using the Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF) method to correlate forest volume with volume, biomass and carbon storage. A land use transition matrix was created, and used to study the variation of forest carbon storage in response to land use change in Fuzhou. The results showed that:(1) the results of quantitative estimation models of forest volume which were build according to different type of forest (Evergreen broad-leaved forest, Evergreen coniferous forest, Mixed broadleaf-conifer forest) turned out the effects with the adjusted R² being 0.599, 0.679, 0.694 respectively. All quantitative estimation models of forest volume passed the applicability and accuracy test. The calculated total forest volume in Fuzhou was 2.097×10⁷ m³ in 2000 and 2.594×10⁷ m³ in 2010, revealing an increase in volume over the course of a decade. Of all the geographical subdivisions of Fuzhou, Yongtai County maintained the greatest forest volume throughout the decade, while Changle County contained the lowest forest volume. (2) Total carbon storage by forest vegetation in Fuzhou city was 12.499 Tg in 2000 and 12.642 Tg in 2010. Thus, in ten years, forest vegetation carbon storage increased by 1.430×10⁵ t. The vegetation carbon densities in 2000 and 2010 were 18.694 t/hm² and 18.708 t/hm², respectively. (3) The carbon density of forest vegetation in Minqing County, Yongtai County, and Minhou County, which are located in western Fuzhou, remained high during this ten year period, and was observed to increase overall. In contrast, Luoyuan County, Changle County, and Lianjiang County, which are located in eastern Fuzhou, experienced declines in the carbon density of forest vegetation, as a result of increasing socio-economic and anthropogenic activity. (4) In these areas, the forest was mostly converted to shrub and crop land between 2000 and 2010. As a result of this change in land use, forest carbon storage in Fuzhou declined by 1.711×10⁴ t overall. In addition, soil carbon storage and plant carbon storage decreased by 2.230×10³ t and 1.489×10⁴ t, respectively.