This study is based on landscape ecology to demonstrate the connection between the landscape spatial pattern analysis and the Snub-nosed Monkey landscape population in the study area. This will offer guidance to biodiversity conservation efforts and nature reserve management. The Snub-nosed Monkey landscape distribution area patterns located in Yunnan are classified in to five types by the RS and GIS. They are: Optimal Habitat, Sub-optimal habitat, Suitable/Connection habitat, Natural barrier and Human disturbance. The landscape indexes of these types can be calculated and applied into the correlative analysis between their appearance possibility and distribution density. The result shows: (1) There is a significant negative correlation between the Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys and Percentage of Human disturbance, and a positive correlation between the appearance possibility and its' weight boundary density.(2) There are many landscape index effects on the distribution of the monkeys. Among these indexes, all of them present negative correlation, except in the optimal habitat index which shows a positive correlation between the percentage of habitat patch, its' weight boundary density and the distribution of density of monkey. (3) The most effective way to habitat protection of the Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys is to increase the connection between optimal habitat and suboptimal habitat. (4) Boundary effect is key to nature conservation management. Maintaining the connection between the optimal and similar habitat areas is important to improve the landscape quality.