Circular economy (CE) focused on comprehensive improvements of resource-productivity and eco-efficiency. The research of circular economy development pattern was the core issue of prevailing sustainable development research and government decision-making. Eco-efficiency was the potential measuring model of circular economy because of its integration of expressive indicators of the efficiency of resources and energy's use and environmental pollution emission or discharge. Based on the definition of eco-efficiency by World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), the measuring models of related resources efficiency, environmental efficiency and eco-efficiency were established, and the circular economy development pattern was analyzed by these models. In this paper, GDP was selected as product value or social welfare indicator while energy consumption, water use, construction site, COD discharge, SO₂ emission and solid waste discharge were entered as ecological burden indicators. This study analyzed the trend of circular economy development pattern between 2000-2010 in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that: (1) The change of energy consumption was synchronized to the economic development, and the trends of changes on other resources consumption and pollutants emission were different; (2) In general, all eco-efficiencies of resources and environment increased while the environmental eco-efficiency was higher than that of all other resources. The eco-efficiencies could be ordered as: solid waste discharge > construction site > COD discharge > water consumption > SO₂ emission > energy consumption; (3) The trend of change on Jiangxi Province's circular economic development pattern exhibited a pattern that follows the environmental Kuznets Curves, indicating the development mode was from traditional linear economy to end of pipe control to circular economy. In other words, the development pattern experienced from harm elimination to emissions reduction to resource allocation optimization, which reflected the development situations of Jiangxi Province and China. Fighting against pollution was the priority scheme of evaluating eco-efficiency for many related local governments and agents. The results of this study indicated that: (1) the insight of improvement on eco-efficiencies about material metabolism in Jiangxi Province was based on strengthening macro policies regulation, intensifying pollutants survey and treatment and elevating the solid waste discharge efficiency; (2) The eco-efficiency measuring and evaluation model of circular economy development pattern started from calculating resources efficiency and environmental efficiency, which directly reflects the trend of change on circular economy development pattern in the research area via graphic representation. The calculation was simple, clear, more scientific and sound than previous methods; (3) From the last 10 years' development trajectory of circular economy in Jiangxi, the key of elevating metabolism eco-efficiency was to synergic improve resources efficiency and environmental efficiency, as well as to gradually construct the circular chains of reducing native resources consumption, and making the amount of wastes smaller, harmless and optimized, especially to utilize native resources intensively, efficiently and effectively in practices of the cleaner production crafts of all links in the circular chains. Based on environmental treatment, the regional economy toward the real pattern of circular economy would be achieved.