Habitat destruction and fragmentation remain major influences of biodiversity loss due mainly to anthropogenic disturbance, e.g. the expansion and intensification of modern agriculture. Designing a robust and sensitive landscape that can sustain a viable population has become a priority in conservation. Several studies have gathered negative responses regarding pest populations to landscape complexity, but articles about wheat aphid dynamics in different agricultural landscapes are rare. In agro-ecosystems, landscape structure may alter the assemblage of insects, such as phytophagy (aphids) and parasitoids (aphidiidae), potentially affected intraguild interactions. In this article, two different agricultural landscapes were designed; three species of wheat aphids, parasitism and diversity of parasitoids of wheat aphids were collected and studied. Time of immigration, individuals of immigration, population growth rate, population density, diversity and parasitism of parasitoids were recorded and analyzed in two different agricultural landscapes. According to population dynamics of wheat aphids and parasitoids, we divided population dynamics into three different periods: immigration periods (May 2-May 15), growth periods (May 16-May 30), and stable periods (May 30-June 20). The results showed that different agricultural landscapes affected different species respectively. For example, the time of immigration in simple agricultural landscapes was 5-7d earlier than that in complex agricultural landscapes; the individuals of immigration in complex agricultural landscapes were less than simple agricultural landscapes; and the population growth rates in complex agricultural landscapes were higher than simple agricultural landscapes. The population growth rates of wheat aphids in complex and simple agricultural landscapes were 39.43±11.84 and 13.73±7.49 respectively in growth periods, three species of wheat aphids behaved the similar tendency. Our study also suggested that the differences of diversity and parasitism of parasitoids in different agricultural landscapes made no significances. The diversity indices of parasitoids and parasitism were 2.65±0.58 and (28.76±13.09)% respectively in complex agricultural landscapes, comparing to 3.24±0.37 and (48.32±18.61)% respectively in simple agricultural landscapes in growth periods. We got the similar results by comparing and analyzing the experiment results in stable periods. The diversity indices of parasitoids and parasitism were 2.94±0.65 and (38.54±8.92)% respectively in complex agricultural landscapes, comparing to 3.73±0.48 and (61.29±12.43)% respectively in simple agricultural landscapes. It appeared that the different responses of different species were related to taxonomy and life characteristics. The lower individuals of immigration and higher growth rate in complex agricultural landscapes could be related to higher habitat fragmentation in complex agricultural landscape. We concluded that habitat fragmentation might affect the search of wheat aphids for host plants and natural enemies for prey. The lower individuals of immigration and higher growth rate in complex agricultural landscape were related to higher habitat fragmentation in complex agricultural landscape. Habitat fragmentation effected the rearch of wheat aphids to host plant and natural enemies to prey. The strong reflection of flim may disturb the immigration of wheat aphids and action of natural enemies. The max population density of wheat aphids in complex and simple agricultural landscapes were 821.65±66.56 and 677.81±32.98 respectively. Our research also found that landscape structure had the same affects on Macrosiphum avenae (F.) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), but had different affects on Schizaphis graminum (Rond). The analysis results also suggested that the host-parasitoid interactions worked only at certain spatial scales (patch sizes), which not only coincides with the general conclusion from spatial ecology but also enables us to conduct successful biological control without encountering the environmental risk of pesticide. The application of this scale-dependence of host-parasitoid interaction, together with providing heterogeneous and refugee habitat for the natural enemies of pests, could beget efficient pest control in agricultural land. The focus of most habitat management research has been on understanding the role of these plant-provided resources to natural enemies biologically and ecologically, and their ability to enhance suppression of pest populations. The core technology in this study was the construction and design of agricultural structure in successive spatial-temporal scales, which enhanced activity and predation of natural enemies in agricultural landscapes and suppressed the pest population to a greatest extent.