Euryodendron excelsum H.T.Chang is an endangered species from the family Theaceae endemic to China. It is listed as a Grade Two endangered plant for state protection in the Red Data Book of plants in P.R.C. The species is restricted to one remnant population with less than 200 individuals in Bajia region of Yangchun County, Guangdong Province. This study was conducted to determine the status of the population, analyze the past population structure and forecast the future population dynamics of E.excelsum. The size structure and height structure of the population of E.excelsum were tabulated and analyzed. Based on these data, we estimated the values of parameters such as survival curve, mortality curve and life expectancy. Population dynamics were predicted by a time-sequence model. The size distribution of the whole population generally fit a reverse “J” type curve, suggesting a stable population. The number of young individuals was larger than that of middle-aged and old individuals. The analysis of life table and survival curves showed that under environmental screening and human disturbance, the population had one peak of mortality in size class Ⅱand only 11.43% individuals could survive from size class Ⅱ to size class Ⅲ. The life expectancy of E.excelsum was highest in size class Ⅳ. The survival curve of the population belongs to Deevey-Ⅲ type. Time-sequence models for E.excelsum population predict that the number of different size classes will increase after 2 and 5 years. As a result, the crucial factors for the natural regeneration and restoration of E.excelsum are the protection of living individuals and their habitat.