景感生态学:生态安全研究与实践的重要途径
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国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502106)


Landsenses Ecology: an important approach to research and practice of ecological security
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    摘要:

    景感生态学是指以可持续发展为目标,基于生态学的基本原理,将自然要素、物理感知、心理感知、社会经济、过程与风险等相关因素综合考虑,来研究土地利用规划、建设与管理的科学。不合理的资源和土地开发利用活动常常会带来各种生态风险,从而导致生态安全方面的问题;而景感生态学的主要研究内容涉及土地利用,其目标是与可持续发展相关的人类愿景和社会需求。在追求的目标、遵循的原理、研究尺度及内容上,景感生态学与生态安全研究有许多契合的地方,有必要将景感生态学研究与生态安全研究结合起来。在简要解析生态安全内涵及其主要特点的基础上,探讨了如何将景感生态学思想与方法应用于生态安全研究,重点说明了作为景感生态学主要研究手段的趋善化模型、迷码数据以及物联网如何在生态安全研究中应用于数据获取、评价与预警、以及趋善化模型的构建。随着景感生态学研究的深入,其关注点可以从土地规划和利用扩展到生态安全格局构建与维护,从而更好地将人的愿景及福利与土地利用、生境质量和生态安全结合起来,为区域可持续发展提供科学参考。

    Abstract:

    Landsenses ecology is a scientific discipline mainly focusing on land-use planning, construction and management towards sustainable development based on ecological principles, with natural elements, physical and physiological senses, social economy, as well as processes and risks in consideration. Unreasonable resource utilization and land development often bring various ecological risks, which leads to problems in ecological security. The main research content of landsenses ecology involves land-use, and its goal is human vision and social needs related to sustainable development. To some extent, landsenses ecology consists with ecological security researches especially in their goals, basic principles, study scales and contents, so it is necessary to combine landsenses ecology with ecological security research. Based on the brief analysis of the connotation and main characteristics of ecological security, we discussed how to apply the idea and method of landsenses ecology into ecological security researches in this paper. Therefore, the primary methods in landsenses ecology, like melioration models, mix-marching data, and Internet of Things can also be adopted in data acquisition, evaluation and prediction, and modelling of ecological security researches. With the development of landscape ecology research, landsenses ecology could expand its concerns from land-use to the construction and maintenance of ecological security pattern, which can better link human vision and welfare to land-uses, habitat quality and ecological security so as to contribute to a sustainable development of the region.

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王丽娜,李爽,吴迪,邓红兵,吴钢.景感生态学:生态安全研究与实践的重要途径.生态学报,2020,40(22):8028~8033

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