The effects of vegetation restoration on soil nutrient elements and their ecological stoichiometry are receiving increasing attention. In order to understand the characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus storage and eco-chemical stoichiometry under different types of restoration, four representative restoration stages in Samachang watershed in the degraded mountainous area of central Yunnan, China were selected among typical vegetation(shrubland, yunnan pine forests, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, and secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests), and the changes of soil organic carbon(SOC), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP)stocks and stoichiometry in soils with different soil depths were analyzed under different vegetation types. The results showed that the types of vegetation restoration have significant effects on soil SOC, TN, TP stocks and stoichiometric ratios. Vegetation restoration significantly changes soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus storage capacity and stoichiometry, and overall decreases with increasing depth. At 0-60 cm of soil, organic carbon stocks are the highest in secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests, reaching 123.41 t/hm², followed by mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests(115.69 t/hm²)and Yunnan pine forests(93.08 t/hm²), and shrubland(89.56 t/hm²)is the lowest. Total nitrogen stocks are in the order of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests(4.91 t/hm²) > secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests(4.58 t/hm²) > Yunnan pine forests(4.43 t/hm²) > shrubland(3.98 t/hm²). There are significant differences of TN stocks among 4 vegetation types. Total phosphorus stocks in yunnan pine forests are the highest(2.57 t/hm²), and the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest(2.2 t/hm²)presents the lowest value. The soil C/N under the 4 types of plant cover varies from 15.77 to 30.18, C/P ranging from 29.24 to 65.33, and N/P ranging from 1.28 to 2.68. The secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests shows the highest on the 0-60 cm soil layers. The analysis showed that the influence of different vegetation types on soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus storage and stoichiometry is a complex ecological process. Vegetation restoration significantly changes soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus storage capacity and stoichiometry, but the overall trends go down with the increasing soil depth, and the best physical and chemical properties of soil are represented in the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests. The growth of vegetation in this area is mainly restricted by nitrogen shortage. The results of this study characterize the features of soil major element changes in the process of vegetation restoration in the degraded mountainous area of central Yunnan, and contribute informative support for revealing the relationship between vegetation restoration and soil ecological function evolution.