Ocean provides human beings with basic services in both natural resources and living environment. Studying marine ecosystem services is of great significance for enhancing the role of marine capital in advancing the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). WEB OF SCIENCE database and CNKI database were selected as data sources. This paper used the literature measurement method to search the domestic and foreign marine ecosystem service related publications. We used Bibexcel, Ucient, and Netdraw software to obtain high-frequency keywords and keyword co-occurrence network, and conducted cluster analysis by SPSS. The results show that the domestic and international publications are both on the rise. The international research began in 1992. Compared with the domestic study, the starting time is earlier and the growth rate of publications is larger. Regarding the frequency of keywords, the foreign studies are more focused on climate change and trade-offs and synergies between biodiversity and ecosystem services, while the domestic studies are more focused on ecosystem service functions. Analysis of the domestic and international co-words, the international studies in ecosystem services, climate change, biodiversity, fisheries, marine protected areas and other words have larger nodes and higher centrality, which represent a high degree of international research hotspots. According to the cluster analysis, the foreign research direction focuses on the ecological protection problem in the process of marine development and utilization on the one hand. On the other hand, it focuses on the impact of climate change on the ecosystem service function. The research unit is mainly based on various ecosystems. The domestic research focuses on the quantitative assessment and case verification, and the research units are mostly administrative divisions. In summary, the quantitative research on marine ecosystem services is the focus and hotspot of current marine ecosystem ecology research. The estimation of future marine capital is the trend of marine ecosystem service research. China’s marine ecological service research needs to strengthen the study on marine capital estimation.